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UNIX BUILD NOTES
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====================
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Some notes on how to build Bitcoin in Unix.
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To Build
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---------------------
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cd src/
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make -f makefile.unix # Headless bitcoin
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See [readme-qt.md](readme-qt.md) for instructions on building Bitcoin-Qt, the graphical user interface.
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Dependencies
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---------------------
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Library Purpose Description
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------- ------- -----------
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libssl SSL Support Secure communications
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libdb4.8 Berkeley DB Blockchain & wallet storage
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libboost Boost C++ Library
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IPv6 support may be disabled by setting:
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USE_IPV6=0 Disable IPv6 support
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Licenses of statically linked libraries:
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Berkeley DB New BSD license with additional requirement that linked
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software must be free open source
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Boost MIT-like license
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- Versions used in this release:
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- GCC 4.3.3
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- OpenSSL 1.0.1c
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- Berkeley DB 4.8.30.NC
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- Boost 1.37
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Dependency Build Instructions: Ubuntu & Debian
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----------------------------------------------
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Build requirements:
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sudo apt-get install build-essential
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sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
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for Ubuntu 12.04:
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sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev
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db4.8 packages are available [here](https://launchpad.net/~bitcoin/+archive/bitcoin).
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Ubuntu precise has packages for libdb5.1-dev and libdb5.1++-dev,
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but using these will break binary wallet compatibility, and is not recommended.
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for other Ubuntu & Debian:
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sudo apt-get install libdb4.8-dev
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sudo apt-get install libdb++-dev
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sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev
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(If using Boost 1.37, append -mt to the boost libraries in the makefile)
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Dependency Build Instructions: Gentoo
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-------------------------------------
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Note: If you just want to install bitcoind on Gentoo, you can add the Bitcoin overlay and use your package manager:
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layman -a bitcoin && emerge bitcoind
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emerge -av1 --noreplace boost glib openssl sys-libs/db:4.8
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Take the following steps to build (no UPnP support):
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cd ${BITCOIN_DIR}/src
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make -f makefile.unix USE_IPV6=1 BDB_INCLUDE_PATH='/usr/include/db4.8'
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strip bitcoind
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Notes
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-----
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The release is built with GCC and then "strip bitcoind" to strip the debug
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symbols, which reduces the executable size by about 90%.
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Berkeley DB
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-----------
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You need Berkeley DB 4.8. If you have to build Berkeley DB yourself:
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../dist/configure --enable-cxx
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make
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Boost
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-----
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If you need to build Boost yourself:
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sudo su
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./bootstrap.sh
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./bjam install
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Security
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--------
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To help make your bitcoin installation more secure by making certain attacks impossible to
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exploit even if a vulnerability is found, you can take the following measures:
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* Position Independent Executable
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Build position independent code to take advantage of Address Space Layout Randomization
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offered by some kernels. An attacker who is able to cause execution of code at an arbitrary
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memory location is thwarted if he doesn't know where anything useful is located.
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The stack and heap are randomly located by default but this allows the code section to be
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randomly located as well.
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On an Amd64 processor where a library was not compiled with -fPIC, this will cause an error
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such as: "relocation R_X86_64_32 against `......' can not be used when making a shared object;"
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To build with PIE, use:
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make -f makefile.unix ... -e PIE=1
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To test that you have built PIE executable, install scanelf, part of paxutils, and use:
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scanelf -e ./bitcoin
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The output should contain:
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TYPE
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ET_DYN
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* Non-executable Stack
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If the stack is executable then trivial stack based buffer overflow exploits are possible if
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vulnerable buffers are found. By default, bitcoin should be built with a non-executable stack
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but if one of the libraries it uses asks for an executable stack or someone makes a mistake
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and uses a compiler extension which requires an executable stack, it will silently build an
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executable without the non-executable stack protection.
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To verify that the stack is non-executable after compiling use:
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`scanelf -e ./bitcoin`
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the output should contain:
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STK/REL/PTL
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RW- R-- RW-
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The STK RW- means that the stack is readable and writeable but not executable.
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