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// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Copyright (c) 2009-2012 The Bitcoin developers
// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
// file license.txt or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
#include "db.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "main.h"
#include <boost/version.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
#ifndef WIN32
#include "sys/stat.h"
#endif
using namespace std;
using namespace boost;
unsigned int nWalletDBUpdated;
//
// CDB
//
CCriticalSection cs_db;
static bool fDbEnvInit = false;
bool fDetachDB = false;
DbEnv dbenv(0);
map<string, int> mapFileUseCount;
static map<string, Db*> mapDb;
static void EnvShutdown()
{
if (!fDbEnvInit)
return;
fDbEnvInit = false;
try
{
dbenv.close(0);
}
catch (const DbException& e)
{
printf("EnvShutdown exception: %s (%d)\n", e.what(), e.get_errno());
}
DbEnv(0).remove(GetDataDir().string().c_str(), 0);
}
class CDBInit
{
public:
CDBInit()
{
}
~CDBInit()
{
EnvShutdown();
}
}
instance_of_cdbinit;
CDB::CDB(const char *pszFile, const char* pszMode) : pdb(NULL)
{
int ret;
if (pszFile == NULL)
return;
fReadOnly = (!strchr(pszMode, '+') && !strchr(pszMode, 'w'));
bool fCreate = strchr(pszMode, 'c');
unsigned int nFlags = DB_THREAD;
if (fCreate)
nFlags |= DB_CREATE;
{
LOCK(cs_db);
if (!fDbEnvInit)
{
if (fShutdown)
return;
filesystem::path pathDataDir = GetDataDir();
filesystem::path pathLogDir = pathDataDir / "database";
filesystem::create_directory(pathLogDir);
filesystem::path pathErrorFile = pathDataDir / "db.log";
printf("dbenv.open LogDir=%s ErrorFile=%s\n", pathLogDir.string().c_str(), pathErrorFile.string().c_str());
int nDbCache = GetArg("-dbcache", 25);
dbenv.set_lg_dir(pathLogDir.string().c_str());
dbenv.set_cachesize(nDbCache / 1024, (nDbCache % 1024)*1048576, 1);
dbenv.set_lg_bsize(1048576);
dbenv.set_lg_max(10485760);
dbenv.set_lk_max_locks(10000);
dbenv.set_lk_max_objects(10000);
dbenv.set_errfile(fopen(pathErrorFile.string().c_str(), "a")); /// debug
dbenv.set_flags(DB_AUTO_COMMIT, 1);
dbenv.log_set_config(DB_LOG_AUTO_REMOVE, 1);
ret = dbenv.open(pathDataDir.string().c_str(),
DB_CREATE |
DB_INIT_LOCK |
DB_INIT_LOG |
DB_INIT_MPOOL |
DB_INIT_TXN |
DB_THREAD |
DB_RECOVER,
S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
if (ret > 0)
throw runtime_error(strprintf("CDB() : error %d opening database environment", ret));
fDbEnvInit = true;
}
strFile = pszFile;
++mapFileUseCount[strFile];
pdb = mapDb[strFile];
if (pdb == NULL)
{
pdb = new Db(&dbenv, 0);
ret = pdb->open(NULL, // Txn pointer
pszFile, // Filename
"main", // Logical db name
DB_BTREE, // Database type
nFlags, // Flags
0);
if (ret > 0)
{
delete pdb;
pdb = NULL;
{
LOCK(cs_db);
--mapFileUseCount[strFile];
}
strFile = "";
throw runtime_error(strprintf("CDB() : can't open database file %s, error %d", pszFile, ret));
}
if (fCreate && !Exists(string("version")))
{
bool fTmp = fReadOnly;
fReadOnly = false;
WriteVersion(CLIENT_VERSION);
fReadOnly = fTmp;
}
mapDb[strFile] = pdb;
}
}
}
void CDB::Close()
{
if (!pdb)
return;
if (!vTxn.empty())
vTxn.front()->abort();
vTxn.clear();
pdb = NULL;
// Flush database activity from memory pool to disk log
unsigned int nMinutes = 0;
if (fReadOnly)
nMinutes = 1;
if (strFile == "addr.dat")
nMinutes = 2;
if (strFile == "blkindex.dat")
nMinutes = 2;
if (strFile == "blkindex.dat" && IsInitialBlockDownload())
nMinutes = 5;
dbenv.txn_checkpoint(nMinutes ? GetArg("-dblogsize", 100)*1024 : 0, nMinutes, 0);
{
LOCK(cs_db);
--mapFileUseCount[strFile];
}
}
void CloseDb(const string& strFile)
{
{
LOCK(cs_db);
if (mapDb[strFile] != NULL)
{
// Close the database handle
Db* pdb = mapDb[strFile];
pdb->close(0);
delete pdb;
mapDb[strFile] = NULL;
}
}
}
bool CDB::Rewrite(const string& strFile, const char* pszSkip)
{
while (!fShutdown)
{
{
LOCK(cs_db);
if (!mapFileUseCount.count(strFile) || mapFileUseCount[strFile] == 0)
{
// Flush log data to the dat file
CloseDb(strFile);
dbenv.txn_checkpoint(0, 0, 0);
dbenv.lsn_reset(strFile.c_str(), 0);
mapFileUseCount.erase(strFile);
bool fSuccess = true;
printf("Rewriting %s...\n", strFile.c_str());
string strFileRes = strFile + ".rewrite";
{ // surround usage of db with extra {}
CDB db(strFile.c_str(), "r");
Db* pdbCopy = new Db(&dbenv, 0);
int ret = pdbCopy->open(NULL, // Txn pointer
strFileRes.c_str(), // Filename
"main", // Logical db name
DB_BTREE, // Database type
DB_CREATE, // Flags
0);
if (ret > 0)
{
printf("Cannot create database file %s\n", strFileRes.c_str());
fSuccess = false;
}
Dbc* pcursor = db.GetCursor();
if (pcursor)
while (fSuccess)
{
CDataStream ssKey(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
CDataStream ssValue(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
int ret = db.ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue, DB_NEXT);
if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
{
pcursor->close();
break;
}
else if (ret != 0)
{
pcursor->close();
fSuccess = false;
break;
}
if (pszSkip &&
strncmp(&ssKey[0], pszSkip, std::min(ssKey.size(), strlen(pszSkip))) == 0)
continue;
if (strncmp(&ssKey[0], "\x07version", 8) == 0)
{
// Update version:
ssValue.clear();
ssValue << CLIENT_VERSION;
}
Dbt datKey(&ssKey[0], ssKey.size());
Dbt datValue(&ssValue[0], ssValue.size());
int ret2 = pdbCopy->put(NULL, &datKey, &datValue, DB_NOOVERWRITE);
if (ret2 > 0)
fSuccess = false;
}
if (fSuccess)
{
db.Close();
CloseDb(strFile);
if (pdbCopy->close(0))
fSuccess = false;
delete pdbCopy;
}
}
if (fSuccess)
{
Db dbA(&dbenv, 0);
if (dbA.remove(strFile.c_str(), NULL, 0))
fSuccess = false;
Db dbB(&dbenv, 0);
if (dbB.rename(strFileRes.c_str(), NULL, strFile.c_str(), 0))
fSuccess = false;
}
if (!fSuccess)
printf("Rewriting of %s FAILED!\n", strFileRes.c_str());
return fSuccess;
}
}
Sleep(100);
}
return false;
}
void DBFlush(bool fShutdown)
{
// Flush log data to the actual data file
// on all files that are not in use
printf("DBFlush(%s)%s\n", fShutdown ? "true" : "false", fDbEnvInit ? "" : " db not started");
if (!fDbEnvInit)
return;
{
LOCK(cs_db);
map<string, int>::iterator mi = mapFileUseCount.begin();
while (mi != mapFileUseCount.end())
{
string strFile = (*mi).first;
int nRefCount = (*mi).second;
printf("%s refcount=%d\n", strFile.c_str(), nRefCount);
if (nRefCount == 0)
{
// Move log data to the dat file
CloseDb(strFile);
printf("%s checkpoint\n", strFile.c_str());
dbenv.txn_checkpoint(0, 0, 0);
if ((strFile != "blkindex.dat" && strFile != "addr.dat") || fDetachDB) {
printf("%s detach\n", strFile.c_str());
dbenv.lsn_reset(strFile.c_str(), 0);
}
printf("%s closed\n", strFile.c_str());
mapFileUseCount.erase(mi++);
}
else
mi++;
}
if (fShutdown)
{
char** listp;
if (mapFileUseCount.empty())
{
dbenv.log_archive(&listp, DB_ARCH_REMOVE);
EnvShutdown();
}
}
}
}
//
// CTxDB
//
bool CTxDB::ReadTxIndex(uint256 hash, CTxIndex& txindex)
{
assert(!fClient);
txindex.SetNull();
return Read(make_pair(string("tx"), hash), txindex);
}
bool CTxDB::UpdateTxIndex(uint256 hash, const CTxIndex& txindex)
{
assert(!fClient);
return Write(make_pair(string("tx"), hash), txindex);
}
bool CTxDB::AddTxIndex(const CTransaction& tx, const CDiskTxPos& pos, int nHeight)
{
assert(!fClient);
// Add to tx index
uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
CTxIndex txindex(pos, tx.vout.size());
return Write(make_pair(string("tx"), hash), txindex);
}
bool CTxDB::EraseTxIndex(const CTransaction& tx)
{
assert(!fClient);
uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
return Erase(make_pair(string("tx"), hash));
}
bool CTxDB::ContainsTx(uint256 hash)
{
assert(!fClient);
return Exists(make_pair(string("tx"), hash));
}
bool CTxDB::ReadOwnerTxes(uint160 hash160, int nMinHeight, vector<CTransaction>& vtx)
{
assert(!fClient);
vtx.clear();
// Get cursor
Dbc* pcursor = GetCursor();
if (!pcursor)
return false;
unsigned int fFlags = DB_SET_RANGE;
loop
{
// Read next record
CDataStream ssKey(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
if (fFlags == DB_SET_RANGE)
ssKey << string("owner") << hash160 << CDiskTxPos(0, 0, 0);
CDataStream ssValue(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
int ret = ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue, fFlags);
fFlags = DB_NEXT;
if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
break;
else if (ret != 0)
{
pcursor->close();
return false;
}
// Unserialize
string strType;
uint160 hashItem;
CDiskTxPos pos;
ssKey >> strType >> hashItem >> pos;
int nItemHeight;
ssValue >> nItemHeight;
// Read transaction
if (strType != "owner" || hashItem != hash160)
break;
if (nItemHeight >= nMinHeight)
{
vtx.resize(vtx.size()+1);
if (!vtx.back().ReadFromDisk(pos))
{
pcursor->close();
return false;
}
}
}
pcursor->close();
return true;
}
bool CTxDB::ReadDiskTx(uint256 hash, CTransaction& tx, CTxIndex& txindex)
{
assert(!fClient);
tx.SetNull();
if (!ReadTxIndex(hash, txindex))
return false;
return (tx.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos));
}
bool CTxDB::ReadDiskTx(uint256 hash, CTransaction& tx)
{
CTxIndex txindex;
return ReadDiskTx(hash, tx, txindex);
}
bool CTxDB::ReadDiskTx(COutPoint outpoint, CTransaction& tx, CTxIndex& txindex)
{
return ReadDiskTx(outpoint.hash, tx, txindex);
}
bool CTxDB::ReadDiskTx(COutPoint outpoint, CTransaction& tx)
{
CTxIndex txindex;
return ReadDiskTx(outpoint.hash, tx, txindex);
}
bool CTxDB::WriteBlockIndex(const CDiskBlockIndex& blockindex)
{
return Write(make_pair(string("blockindex"), blockindex.GetBlockHash()), blockindex);
}
bool CTxDB::EraseBlockIndex(uint256 hash)
{
return Erase(make_pair(string("blockindex"), hash));
}
bool CTxDB::ReadHashBestChain(uint256& hashBestChain)
{
return Read(string("hashBestChain"), hashBestChain);
}
bool CTxDB::WriteHashBestChain(uint256 hashBestChain)
{
return Write(string("hashBestChain"), hashBestChain);
}
bool CTxDB::ReadBestInvalidWork(CBigNum& bnBestInvalidWork)
{
return Read(string("bnBestInvalidWork"), bnBestInvalidWork);
}
bool CTxDB::WriteBestInvalidWork(CBigNum bnBestInvalidWork)
{
return Write(string("bnBestInvalidWork"), bnBestInvalidWork);
}
CBlockIndex static * InsertBlockIndex(uint256 hash)
{
if (hash == 0)
return NULL;
// Return existing
map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hash);
if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end())
return (*mi).second;
// Create new
CBlockIndex* pindexNew = new CBlockIndex();
if (!pindexNew)
throw runtime_error("LoadBlockIndex() : new CBlockIndex failed");
mi = mapBlockIndex.insert(make_pair(hash, pindexNew)).first;
pindexNew->phashBlock = &((*mi).first);
return pindexNew;
}
bool CTxDB::LoadBlockIndex()
{
// Get database cursor
Dbc* pcursor = GetCursor();
if (!pcursor)
return false;
// Load mapBlockIndex
unsigned int fFlags = DB_SET_RANGE;
loop
{
// Read next record
CDataStream ssKey(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
if (fFlags == DB_SET_RANGE)
ssKey << make_pair(string("blockindex"), uint256(0));
CDataStream ssValue(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
int ret = ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue, fFlags);
fFlags = DB_NEXT;
if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
break;
else if (ret != 0)
return false;
// Unserialize
string strType;
ssKey >> strType;
if (strType == "blockindex" && !fRequestShutdown)
{
CDiskBlockIndex diskindex;
ssValue >> diskindex;
// Construct block index object
CBlockIndex* pindexNew = InsertBlockIndex(diskindex.GetBlockHash());
pindexNew->pprev = InsertBlockIndex(diskindex.hashPrev);
pindexNew->pnext = InsertBlockIndex(diskindex.hashNext);
pindexNew->nFile = diskindex.nFile;
pindexNew->nBlockPos = diskindex.nBlockPos;
pindexNew->nHeight = diskindex.nHeight;
pindexNew->nVersion = diskindex.nVersion;
pindexNew->hashMerkleRoot = diskindex.hashMerkleRoot;
pindexNew->nTime = diskindex.nTime;
pindexNew->nBits = diskindex.nBits;
pindexNew->nNonce = diskindex.nNonce;
// Watch for genesis block
if (pindexGenesisBlock == NULL && diskindex.GetBlockHash() == hashGenesisBlock)
pindexGenesisBlock = pindexNew;
if (!pindexNew->CheckIndex())
return error("LoadBlockIndex() : CheckIndex failed at %d", pindexNew->nHeight);
}
else
{
break; // if shutdown requested or finished loading block index
}
}
pcursor->close();
if (fRequestShutdown)
return true;
// Calculate bnChainWork
vector<pair<int, CBlockIndex*> > vSortedByHeight;
vSortedByHeight.reserve(mapBlockIndex.size());
BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(uint256, CBlockIndex*)& item, mapBlockIndex)
{
CBlockIndex* pindex = item.second;
vSortedByHeight.push_back(make_pair(pindex->nHeight, pindex));
}
sort(vSortedByHeight.begin(), vSortedByHeight.end());
BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(int, CBlockIndex*)& item, vSortedByHeight)
{
CBlockIndex* pindex = item.second;
pindex->bnChainWork = (pindex->pprev ? pindex->pprev->bnChainWork : 0) + pindex->GetBlockWork();
}
// Load hashBestChain pointer to end of best chain
if (!ReadHashBestChain(hashBestChain))
{
if (pindexGenesisBlock == NULL)
return true;
return error("CTxDB::LoadBlockIndex() : hashBestChain not loaded");
}
if (!mapBlockIndex.count(hashBestChain))
return error("CTxDB::LoadBlockIndex() : hashBestChain not found in the block index");
pindexBest = mapBlockIndex[hashBestChain];
nBestHeight = pindexBest->nHeight;
bnBestChainWork = pindexBest->bnChainWork;
printf("LoadBlockIndex(): hashBestChain=%s height=%d\n", hashBestChain.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(), nBestHeight);
// Load bnBestInvalidWork, OK if it doesn't exist
ReadBestInvalidWork(bnBestInvalidWork);
// Verify blocks in the best chain
int nCheckLevel = GetArg("-checklevel", 1);
int nCheckDepth = GetArg( "-checkblocks", 2500);
if (nCheckDepth == 0)
nCheckDepth = 1000000000; // suffices until the year 19000
if (nCheckDepth > nBestHeight)
nCheckDepth = nBestHeight;
printf("Verifying last %i blocks at level %i\n", nCheckDepth, nCheckLevel);
CBlockIndex* pindexFork = NULL;
map<pair<unsigned int, unsigned int>, CBlockIndex*> mapBlockPos;
for (CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest; pindex && pindex->pprev; pindex = pindex->pprev)
{
if (fRequestShutdown || pindex->nHeight < nBestHeight-nCheckDepth)
break;
CBlock block;
if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
return error("LoadBlockIndex() : block.ReadFromDisk failed");
// check level 1: verify block validity
if (nCheckLevel>0 && !block.CheckBlock())
{
printf("LoadBlockIndex() : *** found bad block at %d, hash=%s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().c_str());
pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
}
// check level 2: verify transaction index validity
if (nCheckLevel>1)
{
pair<unsigned int, unsigned int> pos = make_pair(pindex->nFile, pindex->nBlockPos);
mapBlockPos[pos] = pindex;
BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction &tx, block.vtx)
{
uint256 hashTx = tx.GetHash();
CTxIndex txindex;
if (ReadTxIndex(hashTx, txindex))
{
// check level 3: checker transaction hashes
if (nCheckLevel>2 || pindex->nFile != txindex.pos.nFile || pindex->nBlockPos != txindex.pos.nBlockPos)
{
// either an error or a duplicate transaction
CTransaction txFound;
if (!txFound.ReadFromDisk(txindex.pos))
{
printf("LoadBlockIndex() : *** cannot read mislocated transaction %s\n", hashTx.ToString().c_str());
pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
}
else
if (txFound.GetHash() != hashTx) // not a duplicate tx
{
printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** invalid tx position for %s\n", hashTx.ToString().c_str());
pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
}
}
// check level 4: check whether spent txouts were spent within the main chain
unsigned int nOutput = 0;
if (nCheckLevel>3)
{
BOOST_FOREACH(const CDiskTxPos &txpos, txindex.vSpent)
{
if (!txpos.IsNull())
{
pair<unsigned int, unsigned int> posFind = make_pair(txpos.nFile, txpos.nBlockPos);
if (!mapBlockPos.count(posFind))
{
printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** found bad spend at %d, hashBlock=%s, hashTx=%s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().c_str(), hashTx.ToString().c_str());
pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
}
// check level 6: check whether spent txouts were spent by a valid transaction that consume them
if (nCheckLevel>5)
{
CTransaction txSpend;
if (!txSpend.ReadFromDisk(txpos))
{
printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** cannot read spending transaction of %s:%i from disk\n", hashTx.ToString().c_str(), nOutput);
pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
}
else if (!txSpend.CheckTransaction())
{
printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** spending transaction of %s:%i is invalid\n", hashTx.ToString().c_str(), nOutput);
pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
}
else
{
bool fFound = false;
BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn &txin, txSpend.vin)
if (txin.prevout.hash == hashTx && txin.prevout.n == nOutput)
fFound = true;
if (!fFound)
{
printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** spending transaction of %s:%i does not spend it\n", hashTx.ToString().c_str(), nOutput);
pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
}
}
}
}
nOutput++;
}
}
}
// check level 5: check whether all prevouts are marked spent
if (nCheckLevel>4)
{
BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn &txin, tx.vin)
{
CTxIndex txindex;
if (ReadTxIndex(txin.prevout.hash, txindex))
if (txindex.vSpent.size()-1 < txin.prevout.n || txindex.vSpent[txin.prevout.n].IsNull())
{
printf("LoadBlockIndex(): *** found unspent prevout %s:%i in %s\n", txin.prevout.hash.ToString().c_str(), txin.prevout.n, hashTx.ToString().c_str());
pindexFork = pindex->pprev;
}
}
}
}
}
}
if (pindexFork && !fRequestShutdown)
{
// Reorg back to the fork
printf("LoadBlockIndex() : *** moving best chain pointer back to block %d\n", pindexFork->nHeight);
CBlock block;
if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindexFork))
return error("LoadBlockIndex() : block.ReadFromDisk failed");
CTxDB txdb;
block.SetBestChain(txdb, pindexFork);
}
return true;
}
//
// CAddrDB
//
bool CAddrDB::WriteAddrman(const CAddrMan& addrman)
{
return Write(string("addrman"), addrman);
}
bool CAddrDB::LoadAddresses()
{
if (Read(string("addrman"), addrman))
{
printf("Loaded %i addresses\n", addrman.size());
return true;
}
// Read pre-0.6 addr records
vector<CAddress> vAddr;
vector<vector<unsigned char> > vDelete;
// Get cursor
Dbc* pcursor = GetCursor();
if (!pcursor)
return false;
loop
{
// Read next record
CDataStream ssKey(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
CDataStream ssValue(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
int ret = ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue);
if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
break;
else if (ret != 0)
return false;
// Unserialize
string strType;
ssKey >> strType;
if (strType == "addr")
{
CAddress addr;
ssValue >> addr;
vAddr.push_back(addr);
}
}
pcursor->close();
addrman.Add(vAddr, CNetAddr("0.0.0.0"));
printf("Loaded %i addresses\n", addrman.size());
// Note: old records left; we ran into hangs-on-startup
// bugs for some users who (we think) were running after
// an unclean shutdown.
return true;
}
bool LoadAddresses()
{
return CAddrDB("cr+").LoadAddresses();
}