#!/usr/bin/env python3 # Copyright (c) 2014-2016 The Bitcoin Core developers # Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying # file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php. """Helpful routines for regression testing.""" import os import sys from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify from base64 import b64encode from decimal import Decimal, ROUND_DOWN import json import http.client import random import shutil import subprocess import tempfile import time import re import errno import logging from . import coverage from .authproxy import AuthServiceProxy, JSONRPCException COVERAGE_DIR = None logger = logging.getLogger("TestFramework.utils") # The maximum number of nodes a single test can spawn MAX_NODES = 8 # Don't assign rpc or p2p ports lower than this PORT_MIN = 11000 # The number of ports to "reserve" for p2p and rpc, each PORT_RANGE = 5000 BITCOIND_PROC_WAIT_TIMEOUT = 60 class PortSeed: # Must be initialized with a unique integer for each process n = None #Set Mocktime default to OFF. #MOCKTIME is only needed for scripts that use the #cached version of the blockchain. If the cached #version of the blockchain is used without MOCKTIME #then the mempools will not sync due to IBD. MOCKTIME = 0 def enable_mocktime(): #For backwared compatibility of the python scripts #with previous versions of the cache, set MOCKTIME #to Jan 1, 2014 + (201 * 10 * 60) global MOCKTIME MOCKTIME = 1388534400 + (201 * 10 * 60) def disable_mocktime(): global MOCKTIME MOCKTIME = 0 def get_mocktime(): return MOCKTIME def enable_coverage(dirname): """Maintain a log of which RPC calls are made during testing.""" global COVERAGE_DIR COVERAGE_DIR = dirname def get_rpc_proxy(url, node_number, timeout=None): """ Args: url (str): URL of the RPC server to call node_number (int): the node number (or id) that this calls to Kwargs: timeout (int): HTTP timeout in seconds Returns: AuthServiceProxy. convenience object for making RPC calls. """ proxy_kwargs = {} if timeout is not None: proxy_kwargs['timeout'] = timeout proxy = AuthServiceProxy(url, **proxy_kwargs) proxy.url = url # store URL on proxy for info coverage_logfile = coverage.get_filename( COVERAGE_DIR, node_number) if COVERAGE_DIR else None return coverage.AuthServiceProxyWrapper(proxy, coverage_logfile) def p2p_port(n): assert(n <= MAX_NODES) return PORT_MIN + n + (MAX_NODES * PortSeed.n) % (PORT_RANGE - 1 - MAX_NODES) def rpc_port(n): return PORT_MIN + PORT_RANGE + n + (MAX_NODES * PortSeed.n) % (PORT_RANGE - 1 - MAX_NODES) def check_json_precision(): """Make sure json library being used does not lose precision converting BTC values""" n = Decimal("20000000.00000003") satoshis = int(json.loads(json.dumps(float(n)))*1.0e8) if satoshis != 2000000000000003: raise RuntimeError("JSON encode/decode loses precision") def count_bytes(hex_string): return len(bytearray.fromhex(hex_string)) def bytes_to_hex_str(byte_str): return hexlify(byte_str).decode('ascii') def hex_str_to_bytes(hex_str): return unhexlify(hex_str.encode('ascii')) def str_to_b64str(string): return b64encode(string.encode('utf-8')).decode('ascii') def sync_blocks(rpc_connections, *, wait=1, timeout=60): """ Wait until everybody has the same tip. sync_blocks needs to be called with an rpc_connections set that has least one node already synced to the latest, stable tip, otherwise there's a chance it might return before all nodes are stably synced. """ # Use getblockcount() instead of waitforblockheight() to determine the # initial max height because the two RPCs look at different internal global # variables (chainActive vs latestBlock) and the former gets updated # earlier. maxheight = max(x.getblockcount() for x in rpc_connections) start_time = cur_time = time.time() while cur_time <= start_time + timeout: tips = [r.waitforblockheight(maxheight, int(wait * 1000)) for r in rpc_connections] if all(t["height"] == maxheight for t in tips): if all(t["hash"] == tips[0]["hash"] for t in tips): return raise AssertionError("Block sync failed, mismatched block hashes:{}".format( "".join("\n {!r}".format(tip) for tip in tips))) cur_time = time.time() raise AssertionError("Block sync to height {} timed out:{}".format( maxheight, "".join("\n {!r}".format(tip) for tip in tips))) def sync_chain(rpc_connections, *, wait=1, timeout=60): """ Wait until everybody has the same best block """ while timeout > 0: best_hash = [x.getbestblockhash() for x in rpc_connections] if best_hash == [best_hash[0]]*len(best_hash): return time.sleep(wait) timeout -= wait raise AssertionError("Chain sync failed: Best block hashes don't match") def sync_mempools(rpc_connections, *, wait=1, timeout=60): """ Wait until everybody has the same transactions in their memory pools """ while timeout > 0: pool = set(rpc_connections[0].getrawmempool()) num_match = 1 for i in range(1, len(rpc_connections)): if set(rpc_connections[i].getrawmempool()) == pool: num_match = num_match+1 if num_match == len(rpc_connections): return time.sleep(wait) timeout -= wait raise AssertionError("Mempool sync failed") bitcoind_processes = {} def initialize_datadir(dirname, n): datadir = os.path.join(dirname, "node"+str(n)) if not os.path.isdir(datadir): os.makedirs(datadir) rpc_u, rpc_p = rpc_auth_pair(n) with open(os.path.join(datadir, "bitcoin.conf"), 'w', encoding='utf8') as f: f.write("regtest=1\n") f.write("rpcuser=" + rpc_u + "\n") f.write("rpcpassword=" + rpc_p + "\n") f.write("port="+str(p2p_port(n))+"\n") f.write("rpcport="+str(rpc_port(n))+"\n") f.write("listenonion=0\n") return datadir def rpc_auth_pair(n): return 'rpcuser💻' + str(n), 'rpcpass🔑' + str(n) def rpc_url(i, rpchost=None): rpc_u, rpc_p = rpc_auth_pair(i) host = '127.0.0.1' port = rpc_port(i) if rpchost: parts = rpchost.split(':') if len(parts) == 2: host, port = parts else: host = rpchost return "http://%s:%s@%s:%d" % (rpc_u, rpc_p, host, int(port)) def wait_for_bitcoind_start(process, url, i): ''' Wait for bitcoind to start. This means that RPC is accessible and fully initialized. Raise an exception if bitcoind exits during initialization. ''' while True: if process.poll() is not None: raise Exception('bitcoind exited with status %i during initialization' % process.returncode) try: rpc = get_rpc_proxy(url, i) blocks = rpc.getblockcount() break # break out of loop on success except IOError as e: if e.errno != errno.ECONNREFUSED: # Port not yet open? raise # unknown IO error except JSONRPCException as e: # Initialization phase if e.error['code'] != -28: # RPC in warmup? raise # unknown JSON RPC exception time.sleep(0.25) def _start_node(i, dirname, extra_args=None, rpchost=None, timewait=None, binary=None, stderr=None): """Start a bitcoind and return RPC connection to it This function should only be called from within test_framework, not by individual test scripts.""" datadir = os.path.join(dirname, "node"+str(i)) if binary is None: binary = os.getenv("BITCOIND", "bitcoind") args = [binary, "-datadir=" + datadir, "-server", "-keypool=1", "-discover=0", "-rest", "-logtimemicros", "-debug", "-debugexclude=libevent", "-debugexclude=leveldb", "-mocktime=" + str(get_mocktime()), "-uacomment=testnode%d" % i] if extra_args is not None: args.extend(extra_args) bitcoind_processes[i] = subprocess.Popen(args, stderr=stderr) logger.debug("initialize_chain: bitcoind started, waiting for RPC to come up") url = rpc_url(i, rpchost) wait_for_bitcoind_start(bitcoind_processes[i], url, i) logger.debug("initialize_chain: RPC successfully started") proxy = get_rpc_proxy(url, i, timeout=timewait) if COVERAGE_DIR: coverage.write_all_rpc_commands(COVERAGE_DIR, proxy) return proxy def assert_start_raises_init_error(i, dirname, extra_args=None, expected_msg=None): with tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile(max_size=2**16) as log_stderr: try: node = _start_node(i, dirname, extra_args, stderr=log_stderr) _stop_node(node, i) except Exception as e: assert 'bitcoind exited' in str(e) #node must have shutdown if expected_msg is not None: log_stderr.seek(0) stderr = log_stderr.read().decode('utf-8') if expected_msg not in stderr: raise AssertionError("Expected error \"" + expected_msg + "\" not found in:\n" + stderr) else: if expected_msg is None: assert_msg = "bitcoind should have exited with an error" else: assert_msg = "bitcoind should have exited with expected error " + expected_msg raise AssertionError(assert_msg) def _start_nodes(num_nodes, dirname, extra_args=None, rpchost=None, timewait=None, binary=None): """Start multiple bitcoinds, return RPC connections to them This function should only be called from within test_framework, not by individual test scripts.""" if extra_args is None: extra_args = [ None for _ in range(num_nodes) ] if binary is None: binary = [ None for _ in range(num_nodes) ] assert_equal(len(extra_args), num_nodes) assert_equal(len(binary), num_nodes) rpcs = [] try: for i in range(num_nodes): rpcs.append(_start_node(i, dirname, extra_args[i], rpchost, timewait=timewait, binary=binary[i])) except: # If one node failed to start, stop the others _stop_nodes(rpcs) raise return rpcs def log_filename(dirname, n_node, logname): return os.path.join(dirname, "node"+str(n_node), "regtest", logname) def _stop_node(node, i): """Stop a bitcoind test node This function should only be called from within test_framework, not by individual test scripts.""" logger.debug("Stopping node %d" % i) try: node.stop() except http.client.CannotSendRequest as e: logger.exception("Unable to stop node") return_code = bitcoind_processes[i].wait(timeout=BITCOIND_PROC_WAIT_TIMEOUT) assert_equal(return_code, 0) del bitcoind_processes[i] def _stop_nodes(nodes): """Stop multiple bitcoind test nodes This function should only be called from within test_framework, not by individual test scripts.""" for i, node in enumerate(nodes): _stop_node(node, i) assert not bitcoind_processes.values() # All connections must be gone now def set_node_times(nodes, t): for node in nodes: node.setmocktime(t) def disconnect_nodes(from_connection, node_num): for peer_id in [peer['id'] for peer in from_connection.getpeerinfo() if "testnode%d" % node_num in peer['subver']]: from_connection.disconnectnode(nodeid=peer_id) for _ in range(50): if [peer['id'] for peer in from_connection.getpeerinfo() if "testnode%d" % node_num in peer['subver']] == []: break time.sleep(0.1) else: raise AssertionError("timed out waiting for disconnect") def connect_nodes(from_connection, node_num): ip_port = "127.0.0.1:"+str(p2p_port(node_num)) from_connection.addnode(ip_port, "onetry") # poll until version handshake complete to avoid race conditions # with transaction relaying while any(peer['version'] == 0 for peer in from_connection.getpeerinfo()): time.sleep(0.1) def connect_nodes_bi(nodes, a, b): connect_nodes(nodes[a], b) connect_nodes(nodes[b], a) def find_output(node, txid, amount): """ Return index to output of txid with value amount Raises exception if there is none. """ txdata = node.getrawtransaction(txid, 1) for i in range(len(txdata["vout"])): if txdata["vout"][i]["value"] == amount: return i raise RuntimeError("find_output txid %s : %s not found"%(txid,str(amount))) def gather_inputs(from_node, amount_needed, confirmations_required=1): """ Return a random set of unspent txouts that are enough to pay amount_needed """ assert(confirmations_required >=0) utxo = from_node.listunspent(confirmations_required) random.shuffle(utxo) inputs = [] total_in = Decimal("0.00000000") while total_in < amount_needed and len(utxo) > 0: t = utxo.pop() total_in += t["amount"] inputs.append({ "txid" : t["txid"], "vout" : t["vout"], "address" : t["address"] } ) if total_in < amount_needed: raise RuntimeError("Insufficient funds: need %d, have %d"%(amount_needed, total_in)) return (total_in, inputs) def make_change(from_node, amount_in, amount_out, fee): """ Create change output(s), return them """ outputs = {} amount = amount_out+fee change = amount_in - amount if change > amount*2: # Create an extra change output to break up big inputs change_address = from_node.getnewaddress() # Split change in two, being careful of rounding: outputs[change_address] = Decimal(change/2).quantize(Decimal('0.00000001'), rounding=ROUND_DOWN) change = amount_in - amount - outputs[change_address] if change > 0: outputs[from_node.getnewaddress()] = change return outputs def random_transaction(nodes, amount, min_fee, fee_increment, fee_variants): """ Create a random transaction. Returns (txid, hex-encoded-transaction-data, fee) """ from_node = random.choice(nodes) to_node = random.choice(nodes) fee = min_fee + fee_increment*random.randint(0,fee_variants) (total_in, inputs) = gather_inputs(from_node, amount+fee) outputs = make_change(from_node, total_in, amount, fee) outputs[to_node.getnewaddress()] = float(amount) rawtx = from_node.createrawtransaction(inputs, outputs) signresult = from_node.signrawtransaction(rawtx) txid = from_node.sendrawtransaction(signresult["hex"], True) return (txid, signresult["hex"], fee) def assert_fee_amount(fee, tx_size, fee_per_kB): """Assert the fee was in range""" target_fee = tx_size * fee_per_kB / 1000 if fee < target_fee: raise AssertionError("Fee of %s BTC too low! (Should be %s BTC)"%(str(fee), str(target_fee))) # allow the wallet's estimation to be at most 2 bytes off if fee > (tx_size + 2) * fee_per_kB / 1000: raise AssertionError("Fee of %s BTC too high! (Should be %s BTC)"%(str(fee), str(target_fee))) def assert_equal(thing1, thing2, *args): if thing1 != thing2 or any(thing1 != arg for arg in args): raise AssertionError("not(%s)" % " == ".join(str(arg) for arg in (thing1, thing2) + args)) def assert_greater_than(thing1, thing2): if thing1 <= thing2: raise AssertionError("%s <= %s"%(str(thing1),str(thing2))) def assert_greater_than_or_equal(thing1, thing2): if thing1 < thing2: raise AssertionError("%s < %s"%(str(thing1),str(thing2))) def assert_raises(exc, fun, *args, **kwds): assert_raises_message(exc, None, fun, *args, **kwds) def assert_raises_message(exc, message, fun, *args, **kwds): try: fun(*args, **kwds) except exc as e: if message is not None and message not in e.error['message']: raise AssertionError("Expected substring not found:"+e.error['message']) except Exception as e: raise AssertionError("Unexpected exception raised: "+type(e).__name__) else: raise AssertionError("No exception raised") def assert_raises_jsonrpc(code, message, fun, *args, **kwds): """Run an RPC and verify that a specific JSONRPC exception code and message is raised. Calls function `fun` with arguments `args` and `kwds`. Catches a JSONRPCException and verifies that the error code and message are as expected. Throws AssertionError if no JSONRPCException was returned or if the error code/message are not as expected. Args: code (int), optional: the error code returned by the RPC call (defined in src/rpc/protocol.h). Set to None if checking the error code is not required. message (string), optional: [a substring of] the error string returned by the RPC call. Set to None if checking the error string is not required fun (function): the function to call. This should be the name of an RPC. args*: positional arguments for the function. kwds**: named arguments for the function. """ try: fun(*args, **kwds) except JSONRPCException as e: # JSONRPCException was thrown as expected. Check the code and message values are correct. if (code is not None) and (code != e.error["code"]): raise AssertionError("Unexpected JSONRPC error code %i" % e.error["code"]) if (message is not None) and (message not in e.error['message']): raise AssertionError("Expected substring not found:"+e.error['message']) except Exception as e: raise AssertionError("Unexpected exception raised: "+type(e).__name__) else: raise AssertionError("No exception raised") def assert_is_hex_string(string): try: int(string, 16) except Exception as e: raise AssertionError( "Couldn't interpret %r as hexadecimal; raised: %s" % (string, e)) def assert_is_hash_string(string, length=64): if not isinstance(string, str): raise AssertionError("Expected a string, got type %r" % type(string)) elif length and len(string) != length: raise AssertionError( "String of length %d expected; got %d" % (length, len(string))) elif not re.match('[abcdef0-9]+$', string): raise AssertionError( "String %r contains invalid characters for a hash." % string) def assert_array_result(object_array, to_match, expected, should_not_find = False): """ Pass in array of JSON objects, a dictionary with key/value pairs to match against, and another dictionary with expected key/value pairs. If the should_not_find flag is true, to_match should not be found in object_array """ if should_not_find == True: assert_equal(expected, { }) num_matched = 0 for item in object_array: all_match = True for key,value in to_match.items(): if item[key] != value: all_match = False if not all_match: continue elif should_not_find == True: num_matched = num_matched+1 for key,value in expected.items(): if item[key] != value: raise AssertionError("%s : expected %s=%s"%(str(item), str(key), str(value))) num_matched = num_matched+1 if num_matched == 0 and should_not_find != True: raise AssertionError("No objects matched %s"%(str(to_match))) if num_matched > 0 and should_not_find == True: raise AssertionError("Objects were found %s"%(str(to_match))) def satoshi_round(amount): return Decimal(amount).quantize(Decimal('0.00000001'), rounding=ROUND_DOWN) # Helper to create at least "count" utxos # Pass in a fee that is sufficient for relay and mining new transactions. def create_confirmed_utxos(fee, node, count): node.generate(int(0.5*count)+101) utxos = node.listunspent() iterations = count - len(utxos) addr1 = node.getnewaddress() addr2 = node.getnewaddress() if iterations <= 0: return utxos for i in range(iterations): t = utxos.pop() inputs = [] inputs.append({ "txid" : t["txid"], "vout" : t["vout"]}) outputs = {} send_value = t['amount'] - fee outputs[addr1] = satoshi_round(send_value/2) outputs[addr2] = satoshi_round(send_value/2) raw_tx = node.createrawtransaction(inputs, outputs) signed_tx = node.signrawtransaction(raw_tx)["hex"] txid = node.sendrawtransaction(signed_tx) while (node.getmempoolinfo()['size'] > 0): node.generate(1) utxos = node.listunspent() assert(len(utxos) >= count) return utxos # Create large OP_RETURN txouts that can be appended to a transaction # to make it large (helper for constructing large transactions). def gen_return_txouts(): # Some pre-processing to create a bunch of OP_RETURN txouts to insert into transactions we create # So we have big transactions (and therefore can't fit very many into each block) # create one script_pubkey script_pubkey = "6a4d0200" #OP_RETURN OP_PUSH2 512 bytes for i in range (512): script_pubkey = script_pubkey + "01" # concatenate 128 txouts of above script_pubkey which we'll insert before the txout for change txouts = "81" for k in range(128): # add txout value txouts = txouts + "0000000000000000" # add length of script_pubkey txouts = txouts + "fd0402" # add script_pubkey txouts = txouts + script_pubkey return txouts def create_tx(node, coinbase, to_address, amount): inputs = [{ "txid" : coinbase, "vout" : 0}] outputs = { to_address : amount } rawtx = node.createrawtransaction(inputs, outputs) signresult = node.signrawtransaction(rawtx) assert_equal(signresult["complete"], True) return signresult["hex"] # Create a spend of each passed-in utxo, splicing in "txouts" to each raw # transaction to make it large. See gen_return_txouts() above. def create_lots_of_big_transactions(node, txouts, utxos, num, fee): addr = node.getnewaddress() txids = [] for _ in range(num): t = utxos.pop() inputs=[{ "txid" : t["txid"], "vout" : t["vout"]}] outputs = {} change = t['amount'] - fee outputs[addr] = satoshi_round(change) rawtx = node.createrawtransaction(inputs, outputs) newtx = rawtx[0:92] newtx = newtx + txouts newtx = newtx + rawtx[94:] signresult = node.signrawtransaction(newtx, None, None, "NONE") txid = node.sendrawtransaction(signresult["hex"], True) txids.append(txid) return txids def mine_large_block(node, utxos=None): # generate a 66k transaction, # and 14 of them is close to the 1MB block limit num = 14 txouts = gen_return_txouts() utxos = utxos if utxos is not None else [] if len(utxos) < num: utxos.clear() utxos.extend(node.listunspent()) fee = 100 * node.getnetworkinfo()["relayfee"] create_lots_of_big_transactions(node, txouts, utxos, num, fee=fee) node.generate(1) def get_bip9_status(node, key): info = node.getblockchaininfo() return info['bip9_softforks'][key]