You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
360 lines
14 KiB
360 lines
14 KiB
|
|
INSTALLATION ON THE UNIX PLATFORM |
|
--------------------------------- |
|
|
|
[Installation on DOS (with djgpp), Windows, OpenVMS, MacOS (before MacOS X) |
|
and NetWare is described in INSTALL.DJGPP, INSTALL.W32, INSTALL.VMS, |
|
INSTALL.MacOS and INSTALL.NW. |
|
|
|
This document describes installation on operating systems in the Unix |
|
family.] |
|
|
|
To install OpenSSL, you will need: |
|
|
|
* make |
|
* Perl 5 |
|
* an ANSI C compiler |
|
* a development environment in form of development libraries and C |
|
header files |
|
* a supported Unix operating system |
|
|
|
Quick Start |
|
----------- |
|
|
|
If you want to just get on with it, do: |
|
|
|
$ ./config |
|
$ make |
|
$ make test |
|
$ make install |
|
|
|
[If any of these steps fails, see section Installation in Detail below.] |
|
|
|
This will build and install OpenSSL in the default location, which is (for |
|
historical reasons) /usr/local/ssl. If you want to install it anywhere else, |
|
run config like this: |
|
|
|
$ ./config --prefix=/usr/local --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl |
|
|
|
|
|
Configuration Options |
|
--------------------- |
|
|
|
There are several options to ./config (or ./Configure) to customize |
|
the build: |
|
|
|
--prefix=DIR Install in DIR/bin, DIR/lib, DIR/include/openssl. |
|
Configuration files used by OpenSSL will be in DIR/ssl |
|
or the directory specified by --openssldir. |
|
|
|
--openssldir=DIR Directory for OpenSSL files. If no prefix is specified, |
|
the library files and binaries are also installed there. |
|
|
|
no-threads Don't try to build with support for multi-threaded |
|
applications. |
|
|
|
threads Build with support for multi-threaded applications. |
|
This will usually require additional system-dependent options! |
|
See "Note on multi-threading" below. |
|
|
|
no-zlib Don't try to build with support for zlib compression and |
|
decompression. |
|
|
|
zlib Build with support for zlib compression/decompression. |
|
|
|
zlib-dynamic Like "zlib", but has OpenSSL load the zlib library dynamically |
|
when needed. This is only supported on systems where loading |
|
of shared libraries is supported. This is the default choice. |
|
|
|
no-shared Don't try to create shared libraries. |
|
|
|
shared In addition to the usual static libraries, create shared |
|
libraries on platforms where it's supported. See "Note on |
|
shared libraries" below. |
|
|
|
no-asm Do not use assembler code. |
|
|
|
386 Use the 80386 instruction set only (the default x86 code is |
|
more efficient, but requires at least a 486). Note: Use |
|
compiler flags for any other CPU specific configuration, |
|
e.g. "-m32" to build x86 code on an x64 system. |
|
|
|
no-sse2 Exclude SSE2 code pathes. Normally SSE2 extention is |
|
detected at run-time, but the decision whether or not the |
|
machine code will be executed is taken solely on CPU |
|
capability vector. This means that if you happen to run OS |
|
kernel which does not support SSE2 extension on Intel P4 |
|
processor, then your application might be exposed to |
|
"illegal instruction" exception. There might be a way |
|
to enable support in kernel, e.g. FreeBSD kernel can be |
|
compiled with CPU_ENABLE_SSE, and there is a way to |
|
disengage SSE2 code pathes upon application start-up, |
|
but if you aim for wider "audience" running such kernel, |
|
consider no-sse2. Both 386 and no-asm options above imply |
|
no-sse2. |
|
|
|
no-<cipher> Build without the specified cipher (bf, cast, des, dh, dsa, |
|
hmac, md2, md5, mdc2, rc2, rc4, rc5, rsa, sha). |
|
The crypto/<cipher> directory can be removed after running |
|
"make depend". |
|
|
|
-Dxxx, -lxxx, -Lxxx, -fxxx, -mXXX, -Kxxx These system specific options will |
|
be passed through to the compiler to allow you to |
|
define preprocessor symbols, specify additional libraries, |
|
library directories or other compiler options. |
|
|
|
-DHAVE_CRYPTODEV Enable the BSD cryptodev engine even if we are not using |
|
BSD. Useful if you are running ocf-linux or something |
|
similar. Once enabled you can also enable the use of |
|
cryptodev digests, which is usually slower unless you have |
|
large amounts data. Use -DUSE_CRYPTODEV_DIGESTS to force |
|
it. |
|
|
|
Installation in Detail |
|
---------------------- |
|
|
|
1a. Configure OpenSSL for your operation system automatically: |
|
|
|
$ ./config [options] |
|
|
|
This guesses at your operating system (and compiler, if necessary) and |
|
configures OpenSSL based on this guess. Run ./config -t to see |
|
if it guessed correctly. If you want to use a different compiler, you |
|
are cross-compiling for another platform, or the ./config guess was |
|
wrong for other reasons, go to step 1b. Otherwise go to step 2. |
|
|
|
On some systems, you can include debugging information as follows: |
|
|
|
$ ./config -d [options] |
|
|
|
1b. Configure OpenSSL for your operating system manually |
|
|
|
OpenSSL knows about a range of different operating system, hardware and |
|
compiler combinations. To see the ones it knows about, run |
|
|
|
$ ./Configure |
|
|
|
Pick a suitable name from the list that matches your system. For most |
|
operating systems there is a choice between using "cc" or "gcc". When |
|
you have identified your system (and if necessary compiler) use this name |
|
as the argument to ./Configure. For example, a "linux-elf" user would |
|
run: |
|
|
|
$ ./Configure linux-elf [options] |
|
|
|
If your system is not available, you will have to edit the Configure |
|
program and add the correct configuration for your system. The |
|
generic configurations "cc" or "gcc" should usually work on 32 bit |
|
systems. |
|
|
|
Configure creates the file Makefile.ssl from Makefile.org and |
|
defines various macros in crypto/opensslconf.h (generated from |
|
crypto/opensslconf.h.in). |
|
|
|
2. Build OpenSSL by running: |
|
|
|
$ make |
|
|
|
This will build the OpenSSL libraries (libcrypto.a and libssl.a) and the |
|
OpenSSL binary ("openssl"). The libraries will be built in the top-level |
|
directory, and the binary will be in the "apps" directory. |
|
|
|
If the build fails, look at the output. There may be reasons |
|
for the failure that aren't problems in OpenSSL itself (like |
|
missing standard headers). If you are having problems you can |
|
get help by sending an email to the openssl-users email list (see |
|
https://www.openssl.org/community/mailinglists.html for details). If |
|
it is a bug with OpenSSL itself, please open an issue on GitHub, at |
|
https://github.com/openssl/openssl/issues. Please review the existing |
|
ones first; maybe the bug was already reported or has already been |
|
fixed. |
|
|
|
(If you encounter assembler error messages, try the "no-asm" |
|
configuration option as an immediate fix.) |
|
|
|
Compiling parts of OpenSSL with gcc and others with the system |
|
compiler will result in unresolved symbols on some systems. |
|
|
|
3. After a successful build, the libraries should be tested. Run: |
|
|
|
$ make test |
|
|
|
If a test fails, look at the output. There may be reasons for |
|
the failure that isn't a problem in OpenSSL itself (like a missing |
|
or malfunctioning bc). If it is a problem with OpenSSL itself, |
|
try removing any compiler optimization flags from the CFLAG line |
|
in Makefile.ssl and run "make clean; make". Please send a bug |
|
report to <openssl-bugs@openssl.org>, including the output of |
|
"make report" in order to be added to the request tracker at |
|
http://www.openssl.org/support/rt.html. |
|
|
|
4. If everything tests ok, install OpenSSL with |
|
|
|
$ make install |
|
|
|
This will create the installation directory (if it does not exist) and |
|
then the following subdirectories: |
|
|
|
certs Initially empty, this is the default location |
|
for certificate files. |
|
man/man1 Manual pages for the 'openssl' command line tool |
|
man/man3 Manual pages for the libraries (very incomplete) |
|
misc Various scripts. |
|
private Initially empty, this is the default location |
|
for private key files. |
|
|
|
If you didn't choose a different installation prefix, the |
|
following additional subdirectories will be created: |
|
|
|
bin Contains the openssl binary and a few other |
|
utility programs. |
|
include/openssl Contains the header files needed if you want to |
|
compile programs with libcrypto or libssl. |
|
lib Contains the OpenSSL library files themselves. |
|
|
|
Use "make install_sw" to install the software without documentation, |
|
and "install_docs_html" to install HTML renditions of the manual |
|
pages. |
|
|
|
Package builders who want to configure the library for standard |
|
locations, but have the package installed somewhere else so that |
|
it can easily be packaged, can use |
|
|
|
$ make INSTALL_PREFIX=/tmp/package-root install |
|
|
|
(or specify "--install_prefix=/tmp/package-root" as a configure |
|
option). The specified prefix will be prepended to all |
|
installation target filenames. |
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE: The header files used to reside directly in the include |
|
directory, but have now been moved to include/openssl so that |
|
OpenSSL can co-exist with other libraries which use some of the |
|
same filenames. This means that applications that use OpenSSL |
|
should now use C preprocessor directives of the form |
|
|
|
#include <openssl/ssl.h> |
|
|
|
instead of "#include <ssl.h>", which was used with library versions |
|
up to OpenSSL 0.9.2b. |
|
|
|
If you install a new version of OpenSSL over an old library version, |
|
you should delete the old header files in the include directory. |
|
|
|
Compatibility issues: |
|
|
|
* COMPILING existing applications |
|
|
|
To compile an application that uses old filenames -- e.g. |
|
"#include <ssl.h>" --, it will usually be enough to find |
|
the CFLAGS definition in the application's Makefile and |
|
add a C option such as |
|
|
|
-I/usr/local/ssl/include/openssl |
|
|
|
to it. |
|
|
|
But don't delete the existing -I option that points to |
|
the ..../include directory! Otherwise, OpenSSL header files |
|
could not #include each other. |
|
|
|
* WRITING applications |
|
|
|
To write an application that is able to handle both the new |
|
and the old directory layout, so that it can still be compiled |
|
with library versions up to OpenSSL 0.9.2b without bothering |
|
the user, you can proceed as follows: |
|
|
|
- Always use the new filename of OpenSSL header files, |
|
e.g. #include <openssl/ssl.h>. |
|
|
|
- Create a directory "incl" that contains only a symbolic |
|
link named "openssl", which points to the "include" directory |
|
of OpenSSL. |
|
For example, your application's Makefile might contain the |
|
following rule, if OPENSSLDIR is a pathname (absolute or |
|
relative) of the directory where OpenSSL resides: |
|
|
|
incl/openssl: |
|
-mkdir incl |
|
cd $(OPENSSLDIR) # Check whether the directory really exists |
|
-ln -s `cd $(OPENSSLDIR); pwd`/include incl/openssl |
|
|
|
You will have to add "incl/openssl" to the dependencies |
|
of those C files that include some OpenSSL header file. |
|
|
|
- Add "-Iincl" to your CFLAGS. |
|
|
|
With these additions, the OpenSSL header files will be available |
|
under both name variants if an old library version is used: |
|
Your application can reach them under names like <openssl/foo.h>, |
|
while the header files still are able to #include each other |
|
with names of the form <foo.h>. |
|
|
|
|
|
Note on multi-threading |
|
----------------------- |
|
|
|
For some systems, the OpenSSL Configure script knows what compiler options |
|
are needed to generate a library that is suitable for multi-threaded |
|
applications. On these systems, support for multi-threading is enabled |
|
by default; use the "no-threads" option to disable (this should never be |
|
necessary). |
|
|
|
On other systems, to enable support for multi-threading, you will have |
|
to specify at least two options: "threads", and a system-dependent option. |
|
(The latter is "-D_REENTRANT" on various systems.) The default in this |
|
case, obviously, is not to include support for multi-threading (but |
|
you can still use "no-threads" to suppress an annoying warning message |
|
from the Configure script.) |
|
|
|
|
|
Note on shared libraries |
|
------------------------ |
|
|
|
Shared libraries have certain caveats. Binary backward compatibility |
|
can't be guaranteed before OpenSSL version 1.0. The only reason to |
|
use them would be to conserve memory on systems where several programs |
|
are using OpenSSL. |
|
|
|
For some systems, the OpenSSL Configure script knows what is needed to |
|
build shared libraries for libcrypto and libssl. On these systems, |
|
the shared libraries are currently not created by default, but giving |
|
the option "shared" will get them created. This method supports Makefile |
|
targets for shared library creation, like linux-shared. Those targets |
|
can currently be used on their own just as well, but this is expected |
|
to change in future versions of OpenSSL. |
|
|
|
Note on random number generation |
|
-------------------------------- |
|
|
|
Availability of cryptographically secure random numbers is required for |
|
secret key generation. OpenSSL provides several options to seed the |
|
internal PRNG. If not properly seeded, the internal PRNG will refuse |
|
to deliver random bytes and a "PRNG not seeded error" will occur. |
|
On systems without /dev/urandom (or similar) device, it may be necessary |
|
to install additional support software to obtain random seed. |
|
Please check out the manual pages for RAND_add(), RAND_bytes(), RAND_egd(), |
|
and the FAQ for more information. |
|
|
|
Note on support for multiple builds |
|
----------------------------------- |
|
|
|
OpenSSL is usually built in its source tree. Unfortunately, this doesn't |
|
support building for multiple platforms from the same source tree very well. |
|
It is however possible to build in a separate tree through the use of lots |
|
of symbolic links, which should be prepared like this: |
|
|
|
mkdir -p objtree/"`uname -s`-`uname -r`-`uname -m`" |
|
cd objtree/"`uname -s`-`uname -r`-`uname -m`" |
|
(cd $OPENSSL_SOURCE; find . -type f) | while read F; do |
|
mkdir -p `dirname $F` |
|
rm -f $F; ln -s $OPENSSL_SOURCE/$F $F |
|
echo $F '->' $OPENSSL_SOURCE/$F |
|
done |
|
make -f Makefile.org clean |
|
|
|
OPENSSL_SOURCE is an environment variable that contains the absolute (this |
|
is important!) path to the OpenSSL source tree. |
|
|
|
Also, operations like 'make update' should still be made in the source tree.
|
|
|