You can not select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
361 lines
14 KiB
361 lines
14 KiB
![]()
4 years ago
|
|
||
|
INSTALLATION ON THE UNIX PLATFORM
|
||
|
---------------------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
[Installation on DOS (with djgpp), Windows, OpenVMS, MacOS (before MacOS X)
|
||
|
and NetWare is described in INSTALL.DJGPP, INSTALL.W32, INSTALL.VMS,
|
||
|
INSTALL.MacOS and INSTALL.NW.
|
||
|
|
||
|
This document describes installation on operating systems in the Unix
|
||
|
family.]
|
||
|
|
||
|
To install OpenSSL, you will need:
|
||
|
|
||
|
* make
|
||
|
* Perl 5
|
||
|
* an ANSI C compiler
|
||
|
* a development environment in form of development libraries and C
|
||
|
header files
|
||
|
* a supported Unix operating system
|
||
|
|
||
|
Quick Start
|
||
|
-----------
|
||
|
|
||
|
If you want to just get on with it, do:
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ ./config
|
||
|
$ make
|
||
|
$ make test
|
||
|
$ make install
|
||
|
|
||
|
[If any of these steps fails, see section Installation in Detail below.]
|
||
|
|
||
|
This will build and install OpenSSL in the default location, which is (for
|
||
|
historical reasons) /usr/local/ssl. If you want to install it anywhere else,
|
||
|
run config like this:
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ ./config --prefix=/usr/local --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Configuration Options
|
||
|
---------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
There are several options to ./config (or ./Configure) to customize
|
||
|
the build:
|
||
|
|
||
|
--prefix=DIR Install in DIR/bin, DIR/lib, DIR/include/openssl.
|
||
|
Configuration files used by OpenSSL will be in DIR/ssl
|
||
|
or the directory specified by --openssldir.
|
||
|
|
||
|
--openssldir=DIR Directory for OpenSSL files. If no prefix is specified,
|
||
|
the library files and binaries are also installed there.
|
||
|
|
||
|
no-threads Don't try to build with support for multi-threaded
|
||
|
applications.
|
||
|
|
||
|
threads Build with support for multi-threaded applications.
|
||
|
This will usually require additional system-dependent options!
|
||
|
See "Note on multi-threading" below.
|
||
|
|
||
|
no-zlib Don't try to build with support for zlib compression and
|
||
|
decompression.
|
||
|
|
||
|
zlib Build with support for zlib compression/decompression.
|
||
|
|
||
|
zlib-dynamic Like "zlib", but has OpenSSL load the zlib library dynamically
|
||
|
when needed. This is only supported on systems where loading
|
||
|
of shared libraries is supported. This is the default choice.
|
||
|
|
||
|
no-shared Don't try to create shared libraries.
|
||
|
|
||
|
shared In addition to the usual static libraries, create shared
|
||
|
libraries on platforms where it's supported. See "Note on
|
||
|
shared libraries" below.
|
||
|
|
||
|
no-asm Do not use assembler code.
|
||
|
|
||
|
386 Use the 80386 instruction set only (the default x86 code is
|
||
|
more efficient, but requires at least a 486). Note: Use
|
||
|
compiler flags for any other CPU specific configuration,
|
||
|
e.g. "-m32" to build x86 code on an x64 system.
|
||
|
|
||
|
no-sse2 Exclude SSE2 code pathes. Normally SSE2 extention is
|
||
|
detected at run-time, but the decision whether or not the
|
||
|
machine code will be executed is taken solely on CPU
|
||
|
capability vector. This means that if you happen to run OS
|
||
|
kernel which does not support SSE2 extension on Intel P4
|
||
|
processor, then your application might be exposed to
|
||
|
"illegal instruction" exception. There might be a way
|
||
|
to enable support in kernel, e.g. FreeBSD kernel can be
|
||
|
compiled with CPU_ENABLE_SSE, and there is a way to
|
||
|
disengage SSE2 code pathes upon application start-up,
|
||
|
but if you aim for wider "audience" running such kernel,
|
||
|
consider no-sse2. Both 386 and no-asm options above imply
|
||
|
no-sse2.
|
||
|
|
||
|
no-<cipher> Build without the specified cipher (bf, cast, des, dh, dsa,
|
||
|
hmac, md2, md5, mdc2, rc2, rc4, rc5, rsa, sha).
|
||
|
The crypto/<cipher> directory can be removed after running
|
||
|
"make depend".
|
||
|
|
||
|
-Dxxx, -lxxx, -Lxxx, -fxxx, -mXXX, -Kxxx These system specific options will
|
||
|
be passed through to the compiler to allow you to
|
||
|
define preprocessor symbols, specify additional libraries,
|
||
|
library directories or other compiler options.
|
||
|
|
||
|
-DHAVE_CRYPTODEV Enable the BSD cryptodev engine even if we are not using
|
||
|
BSD. Useful if you are running ocf-linux or something
|
||
|
similar. Once enabled you can also enable the use of
|
||
|
cryptodev digests, which is usually slower unless you have
|
||
|
large amounts data. Use -DUSE_CRYPTODEV_DIGESTS to force
|
||
|
it.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Installation in Detail
|
||
|
----------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
1a. Configure OpenSSL for your operation system automatically:
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ ./config [options]
|
||
|
|
||
|
This guesses at your operating system (and compiler, if necessary) and
|
||
|
configures OpenSSL based on this guess. Run ./config -t to see
|
||
|
if it guessed correctly. If you want to use a different compiler, you
|
||
|
are cross-compiling for another platform, or the ./config guess was
|
||
|
wrong for other reasons, go to step 1b. Otherwise go to step 2.
|
||
|
|
||
|
On some systems, you can include debugging information as follows:
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ ./config -d [options]
|
||
|
|
||
|
1b. Configure OpenSSL for your operating system manually
|
||
|
|
||
|
OpenSSL knows about a range of different operating system, hardware and
|
||
|
compiler combinations. To see the ones it knows about, run
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ ./Configure
|
||
|
|
||
|
Pick a suitable name from the list that matches your system. For most
|
||
|
operating systems there is a choice between using "cc" or "gcc". When
|
||
|
you have identified your system (and if necessary compiler) use this name
|
||
|
as the argument to ./Configure. For example, a "linux-elf" user would
|
||
|
run:
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ ./Configure linux-elf [options]
|
||
|
|
||
|
If your system is not available, you will have to edit the Configure
|
||
|
program and add the correct configuration for your system. The
|
||
|
generic configurations "cc" or "gcc" should usually work on 32 bit
|
||
|
systems.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Configure creates the file Makefile.ssl from Makefile.org and
|
||
|
defines various macros in crypto/opensslconf.h (generated from
|
||
|
crypto/opensslconf.h.in).
|
||
|
|
||
|
2. Build OpenSSL by running:
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ make
|
||
|
|
||
|
This will build the OpenSSL libraries (libcrypto.a and libssl.a) and the
|
||
|
OpenSSL binary ("openssl"). The libraries will be built in the top-level
|
||
|
directory, and the binary will be in the "apps" directory.
|
||
|
|
||
|
If the build fails, look at the output. There may be reasons
|
||
|
for the failure that aren't problems in OpenSSL itself (like
|
||
|
missing standard headers). If you are having problems you can
|
||
|
get help by sending an email to the openssl-users email list (see
|
||
|
https://www.openssl.org/community/mailinglists.html for details). If
|
||
|
it is a bug with OpenSSL itself, please open an issue on GitHub, at
|
||
|
https://github.com/openssl/openssl/issues. Please review the existing
|
||
|
ones first; maybe the bug was already reported or has already been
|
||
|
fixed.
|
||
|
|
||
|
(If you encounter assembler error messages, try the "no-asm"
|
||
|
configuration option as an immediate fix.)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Compiling parts of OpenSSL with gcc and others with the system
|
||
|
compiler will result in unresolved symbols on some systems.
|
||
|
|
||
|
3. After a successful build, the libraries should be tested. Run:
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ make test
|
||
|
|
||
|
If a test fails, look at the output. There may be reasons for
|
||
|
the failure that isn't a problem in OpenSSL itself (like a missing
|
||
|
or malfunctioning bc). If it is a problem with OpenSSL itself,
|
||
|
try removing any compiler optimization flags from the CFLAG line
|
||
|
in Makefile.ssl and run "make clean; make". Please send a bug
|
||
|
report to <openssl-bugs@openssl.org>, including the output of
|
||
|
"make report" in order to be added to the request tracker at
|
||
|
http://www.openssl.org/support/rt.html.
|
||
|
|
||
|
4. If everything tests ok, install OpenSSL with
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ make install
|
||
|
|
||
|
This will create the installation directory (if it does not exist) and
|
||
|
then the following subdirectories:
|
||
|
|
||
|
certs Initially empty, this is the default location
|
||
|
for certificate files.
|
||
|
man/man1 Manual pages for the 'openssl' command line tool
|
||
|
man/man3 Manual pages for the libraries (very incomplete)
|
||
|
misc Various scripts.
|
||
|
private Initially empty, this is the default location
|
||
|
for private key files.
|
||
|
|
||
|
If you didn't choose a different installation prefix, the
|
||
|
following additional subdirectories will be created:
|
||
|
|
||
|
bin Contains the openssl binary and a few other
|
||
|
utility programs.
|
||
|
include/openssl Contains the header files needed if you want to
|
||
|
compile programs with libcrypto or libssl.
|
||
|
lib Contains the OpenSSL library files themselves.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Use "make install_sw" to install the software without documentation,
|
||
|
and "install_docs_html" to install HTML renditions of the manual
|
||
|
pages.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Package builders who want to configure the library for standard
|
||
|
locations, but have the package installed somewhere else so that
|
||
|
it can easily be packaged, can use
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ make INSTALL_PREFIX=/tmp/package-root install
|
||
|
|
||
|
(or specify "--install_prefix=/tmp/package-root" as a configure
|
||
|
option). The specified prefix will be prepended to all
|
||
|
installation target filenames.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
NOTE: The header files used to reside directly in the include
|
||
|
directory, but have now been moved to include/openssl so that
|
||
|
OpenSSL can co-exist with other libraries which use some of the
|
||
|
same filenames. This means that applications that use OpenSSL
|
||
|
should now use C preprocessor directives of the form
|
||
|
|
||
|
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
|
||
|
|
||
|
instead of "#include <ssl.h>", which was used with library versions
|
||
|
up to OpenSSL 0.9.2b.
|
||
|
|
||
|
If you install a new version of OpenSSL over an old library version,
|
||
|
you should delete the old header files in the include directory.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Compatibility issues:
|
||
|
|
||
|
* COMPILING existing applications
|
||
|
|
||
|
To compile an application that uses old filenames -- e.g.
|
||
|
"#include <ssl.h>" --, it will usually be enough to find
|
||
|
the CFLAGS definition in the application's Makefile and
|
||
|
add a C option such as
|
||
|
|
||
|
-I/usr/local/ssl/include/openssl
|
||
|
|
||
|
to it.
|
||
|
|
||
|
But don't delete the existing -I option that points to
|
||
|
the ..../include directory! Otherwise, OpenSSL header files
|
||
|
could not #include each other.
|
||
|
|
||
|
* WRITING applications
|
||
|
|
||
|
To write an application that is able to handle both the new
|
||
|
and the old directory layout, so that it can still be compiled
|
||
|
with library versions up to OpenSSL 0.9.2b without bothering
|
||
|
the user, you can proceed as follows:
|
||
|
|
||
|
- Always use the new filename of OpenSSL header files,
|
||
|
e.g. #include <openssl/ssl.h>.
|
||
|
|
||
|
- Create a directory "incl" that contains only a symbolic
|
||
|
link named "openssl", which points to the "include" directory
|
||
|
of OpenSSL.
|
||
|
For example, your application's Makefile might contain the
|
||
|
following rule, if OPENSSLDIR is a pathname (absolute or
|
||
|
relative) of the directory where OpenSSL resides:
|
||
|
|
||
|
incl/openssl:
|
||
|
-mkdir incl
|
||
|
cd $(OPENSSLDIR) # Check whether the directory really exists
|
||
|
-ln -s `cd $(OPENSSLDIR); pwd`/include incl/openssl
|
||
|
|
||
|
You will have to add "incl/openssl" to the dependencies
|
||
|
of those C files that include some OpenSSL header file.
|
||
|
|
||
|
- Add "-Iincl" to your CFLAGS.
|
||
|
|
||
|
With these additions, the OpenSSL header files will be available
|
||
|
under both name variants if an old library version is used:
|
||
|
Your application can reach them under names like <openssl/foo.h>,
|
||
|
while the header files still are able to #include each other
|
||
|
with names of the form <foo.h>.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Note on multi-threading
|
||
|
-----------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
For some systems, the OpenSSL Configure script knows what compiler options
|
||
|
are needed to generate a library that is suitable for multi-threaded
|
||
|
applications. On these systems, support for multi-threading is enabled
|
||
|
by default; use the "no-threads" option to disable (this should never be
|
||
|
necessary).
|
||
|
|
||
|
On other systems, to enable support for multi-threading, you will have
|
||
|
to specify at least two options: "threads", and a system-dependent option.
|
||
|
(The latter is "-D_REENTRANT" on various systems.) The default in this
|
||
|
case, obviously, is not to include support for multi-threading (but
|
||
|
you can still use "no-threads" to suppress an annoying warning message
|
||
|
from the Configure script.)
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Note on shared libraries
|
||
|
------------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
Shared libraries have certain caveats. Binary backward compatibility
|
||
|
can't be guaranteed before OpenSSL version 1.0. The only reason to
|
||
|
use them would be to conserve memory on systems where several programs
|
||
|
are using OpenSSL.
|
||
|
|
||
|
For some systems, the OpenSSL Configure script knows what is needed to
|
||
|
build shared libraries for libcrypto and libssl. On these systems,
|
||
|
the shared libraries are currently not created by default, but giving
|
||
|
the option "shared" will get them created. This method supports Makefile
|
||
|
targets for shared library creation, like linux-shared. Those targets
|
||
|
can currently be used on their own just as well, but this is expected
|
||
|
to change in future versions of OpenSSL.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Note on random number generation
|
||
|
--------------------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
Availability of cryptographically secure random numbers is required for
|
||
|
secret key generation. OpenSSL provides several options to seed the
|
||
|
internal PRNG. If not properly seeded, the internal PRNG will refuse
|
||
|
to deliver random bytes and a "PRNG not seeded error" will occur.
|
||
|
On systems without /dev/urandom (or similar) device, it may be necessary
|
||
|
to install additional support software to obtain random seed.
|
||
|
Please check out the manual pages for RAND_add(), RAND_bytes(), RAND_egd(),
|
||
|
and the FAQ for more information.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Note on support for multiple builds
|
||
|
-----------------------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
OpenSSL is usually built in its source tree. Unfortunately, this doesn't
|
||
|
support building for multiple platforms from the same source tree very well.
|
||
|
It is however possible to build in a separate tree through the use of lots
|
||
|
of symbolic links, which should be prepared like this:
|
||
|
|
||
|
mkdir -p objtree/"`uname -s`-`uname -r`-`uname -m`"
|
||
|
cd objtree/"`uname -s`-`uname -r`-`uname -m`"
|
||
|
(cd $OPENSSL_SOURCE; find . -type f) | while read F; do
|
||
|
mkdir -p `dirname $F`
|
||
|
rm -f $F; ln -s $OPENSSL_SOURCE/$F $F
|
||
|
echo $F '->' $OPENSSL_SOURCE/$F
|
||
|
done
|
||
|
make -f Makefile.org clean
|
||
|
|
||
|
OPENSSL_SOURCE is an environment variable that contains the absolute (this
|
||
|
is important!) path to the OpenSSL source tree.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Also, operations like 'make update' should still be made in the source tree.
|